TIÊU CHUẨN QUỐC GIA

TCVN 12872:2020

SHOPHOUSE\r\n- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DESIGN

Foreword\r\n

The TCVN12872:2020 is\r\ncompiled by the National Institute of Architecture, proposed by the Ministry of\r\nConstruction, appraised by the Directorate for Standards, Metrology, and\r\nQuality, and published by the Ministry of Science and Technology.

SHOPHOUSE\r\n- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DESIGN

1\r\nScope

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2\r\nReference documents

The following\r\nreferencing document is necessary for the application of this Standard. If a\r\nreference document is mentioned together with its publishing year, only the\r\nreferenced edition shall prevail. If a reference document is not mentioned\r\ntogether with its publishing year, the latest version and all its amendments\r\nand revisions (if any) shall prevail.

TCVN 2622, Fire\r\nprevention and firefighting for buildings and constructions - Design\r\nrequirements;

TCVN 4474, Internal\r\ndrainage - Design standards;

TCVN 4513, Internal\r\nwater supply - Design standards;

TCVN 4605, Heating\r\ntechniques - Insulating structures - Design standards;

TCVN 5674, Finishing\r\nworks in construction - Construction and commissioning;

TCVN 5687, Ventilation\r\n- Air conditioning - Design standards;

TCVN 5867, Elevator\r\n- Cabin, counterweight and guide rail - Safety requirements;

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TCVN 7114, Ergonomics\r\n- lighting at workplace;

TCVN 7447, Electrical\r\ninstallations of buildings;

TCVN 7628, Elevator\r\ninstallation;

TCVN 7958, Structure\r\nprotection - Termite protection for new structures;

TCVN 9206, Electrical\r\nappliance installation in buildings and constructions - Design standards;

TCVN 9207, Electrical\r\nwiring in buildings and constructrions - Design standards;

TCVN 9385, Protection\r\nof structures against lightning - Guidance for design, inspection and\r\nmaintenance;

TCVN 9386, Design\r\nof earthquake-resistant structures;

TCVN 9411, Rowhouse -\r\nDesign standards.

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In this Standard, the\r\nfollowing definitions are used:

3.1

Shophouse\r\n

Refers to a\r\nlow-storey building built on land serving service-mercantile purposes according\r\nto planning approved by competent authority.

3.2

Basement\r\n

Refers to a storey\r\nwith more than half of its height below ground elevation of the building\r\naccording to planning approved by competent authority.

3.3

Semi-basement\r\n

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3.4

Façade\r\n

Refers to the front\r\nof a shophouse where main entrance is located.

3.5

Living\r\nspace

Refers to an area\r\nwhere amenities and equipment serving accommodation purposes are located (if\r\nany).

NOTE: Rooms/spaces\r\nserving accommodation purposes in living spaces can be stand-alone or\r\nincorporated with rooms serving other purposes.

3.6

Useable\r\narea

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3.7

Useable\r\nfloor area

Refers to a dimension\r\nmeasured from inner edges of finishing layers of walls/partitions/glass\r\nmullions/guardrails close to floor surface (not including interior decorations\r\nsuch as baseboards/edges/mouldings, etc.). In respect of balconies and loggias,\r\nuseable floor area shall be the entire floor area.

3.8

Clear\r\nheight

Refers to height\r\ncalculated from finished floor surface to the underside of load-bearing\r\nelements or finished ceiling or technical system of a storey. If load-bearing\r\nelements are girders located on walls separating rooms, clear height shall be\r\ncalculated to the underside of auxiliary girders or floors.

3.9

Clear\r\nwidth

Refers to distance\r\nbetween the two nearest opposite sides of finished structures and elements of a\r\nbuilding (not including interior decorations such as\r\nbaseboards/edges/mouldings, etc.).

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4.1 Plots\r\non which shophouses are built shall conform to land use planning, plan, detail\r\nplanning approved by competent authority [3].

4.2 Area\r\nof plots on which shophouses are built shall not be lower than 75 m²;\r\nwidth of façade shall not be lower than 5 m.

4.3 Building\r\ndensity, land use coefficient, and height of shophouses shall conform to\r\nrequirements under detail planning and urban design approved by competent\r\nauthority.

4.4 Shophouses\r\non the same row shall be consistent in terms of height, architecture, and\r\nscale.

4.5 Architectural\r\nsolutions shall guarantee safety and aesthetic appropriate to natural, climate\r\ncharacteristics of the area, adequate ventilation, sustainable and\r\nenvironmentally friendly development. Internal operation flows and movements\r\nshall be convenient, reasonable, non-overlapping, and non-conflicting in terms\r\nof order, hygiene, and aesthetic.

4.6 Shophouses\r\nshall satisfy building load-bearing and lifespan safety requirements. Shophouses\r\nshall not be built in areas prone to geological danger (erosion, landslide,\r\netc.), flash flood, regular inundation without safety measures for construction\r\nareas.

4.7 Shophouses\r\nshall meet all fire and explosion safety requirements [12] and relevant\r\nprovisions. Furnishment, arrangement, inspection, and maintenance of\r\nfirefighting and rescue facilities shall conform to applicable regulations.

4.8 Shophouses\r\nshall:

- Ensure\r\naccessibility for the elderly and people with disabilities [14];

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- Guarantee safety of\r\nlife and health [11];

- Receive\r\nmaximum natural ventilation and natural lighting;

- Be\r\nprotected from termites in acccordance with selected and applied technical\r\nstandards;

- Be\r\nmaintained as per procedures.

4.9 Rooms/spaces\r\nof various occupancies in shophouses shall:

- Contain\r\nreasonable arrangement of operational flows, separate and close off living\r\nspaces (if any) and service-mercantile spaces;

- Be\r\nwell ventilated, of open composition, be able to flexibly repurposed, and\r\nimproved space utilization effectiveness.

5\r\nArchitectural design requirements

5.1 In\r\nany case, shophouses shall not be taller than 6 storeys and shall conform to\r\ndetail planning and urban design approved by competent authority.

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5.3 Clear\r\nheight of the first storey/ground floor shall not be less than 3,3 m. If a\r\nshophouse contains a mezzanine, clear height of space below the mezzanine shall\r\nnot be less than 2,7 m.

5.4.\r\nIf two rows of shophouses back onto one another, the distance\r\nbetween these rows (measured between building lines) shall not be less than 2,0\r\nm.

5.5 Distance\r\nbetween two gables containing windows of two rows of shophouses shall not be\r\nless than 4,0 m. Doors located at kerb height and up to 2,5 m above the kerb\r\nheight when open shall not extend past property line.

5.6.\r\nFaçade of shophouses shall meet requirements below:

- Entrance\r\nand walkway canopies are allowed from kerb height to above 3,5 m in elevation from\r\nkerb height. Projecting elements of entrance and walkway canopies shall not be\r\nmore than 0,6 m away from kerb shoulders and shall be at least 1,0 m shorter\r\nthan kerb width;

- All\r\narchitectural elements conform to applicable regulations [8];

- Balconies,\r\nrooftops, gardening spaces, or other architectural elements shall not be\r\nallowed above entrance and walkway canopies.

5.7 Direct\r\nentrance from the façade to business spaces shall be required.

5.8 Living\r\nspaces (if any) shall have minimum useable area of 25 m² and shall\r\nnot occupy more than 20% of total useable area of shophouse.

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5.10\r\nMinimum width of stair treads shall be 0,9 m; minimum depth\r\nof treads shall be 0,28 m; maximum riser height shall be 0,18 m.

NOTE: Stairs used by\r\npeople with disabilies shall conform to applicable regulations [14].

5.11\r\nWalkways from basements/semi-basements to business spaces and\r\nliving spaces (if any) shall be arranged in a reasonable manner to facilitate\r\neasy access.

5.12\r\nElevation of floor, entrance steps, vehicle loading ramps, front\r\ngardens, balconies, doors, windows, etc. shall conform to the TCVN 9411.

6\r\nStructural design requirements

6.1 Structures\r\nshall be calculated and designed to ensure safety and sustainability, withstand\r\nthe most disadvantageous load and load combinations, including long-term load\r\nand load related to Vietnam’s natural conditions (storms, earthquakes,\r\nlighting, inundation).

NOTE: Parameters\r\nrelating to Vietnam’s natural conditions shall be collected as per the law [9].\r\n

6.2 Structural\r\nsystem shall be accompanied by clear charts, easy to control; it is recommended\r\nto unify and ensure consistency of load-bearing and enclosing elements while\r\nmaintaining flexibility and diveristy of architecture.

6.3 Structural\r\nsolutions shall meet all technical-economic criteria, conform to scale, number\r\nof storeys, and guarantee architectural space and solutions.

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6.5 Materials\r\nshall meet fire safety, soundproofing, insulation, durability against climate\r\nfactors, erosion of nearby environment, biological factors and other harmful\r\nfactors in order to guarantee load-bearing capability of structural elements\r\nand normal use without major repair during useful life (lifespan) of the\r\nbuildings.

6.6 Lifespan\r\nof buildings shall be clearly specified in design dossiers and other documents\r\nas per the law. When lifespan of a building expires, developers/individuals\r\ndeciding on investment shall notify and carry out inspection, quality control\r\nin order to intervene and extend lifespan or take other measures as per the\r\nlaw.

6.7 Encourage\r\nthe use of recycled materials, environmentally friendly materials, and locally\r\navailable materials.

7\r\nFire safety requirements

Design of fire\r\nprotection for shophouses shall conform to TCVN 2622 and applicable regulations\r\n[12].

8\r\nInternal technical system requirements

8.1\r\nWater supply

8.1.1\r\nWater supply system must be able to constantly satisfy use\r\ndemand, conform to TCVN 4513 and satisfy hygiene quality in accordance with\r\napplicable regulations [16].

8.1.2\r\nWater supply system for firefighting shall conform to\r\napplicable regulations [12].

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8.1.4\r\nConstant water supply shall be required in shophouses. External\r\nwater supply pipes shall be extensively utilized. In case of insufficient\r\npressure and flow rate, tanks, pumps, or other equipment shall be required.

8.1.5\r\nWater tanks should be placed on the roof so as to ensure\r\nsufficient water reserve and adjust non-steady state of water.

8.2\r\nWater drainage

8.2.1\r\nWater drainage system shall conform to TCVN 4474.

8.2.2\r\nDomestic water drainage shall be designed to facilitate\r\nnatural flow; excrement waste shall be separate from wastewater of other daily\r\nactivities.

8.2.3\r\nRainwater drainage system shall be separate from domestic water\r\ndrainage system and be viable in all possible weather. Rainwater downpipes must\r\nnot leak, must be positioned in a way that does not affect architecture and\r\naesthetic, and must be connected to common drainage system.

8.2.4\r\nThe entirety of drainage system should be placed underground\r\nand connected to common drainage system of the area. Drainage channels and\r\ngutters shall be covered.

8.3\r\nGarbage collection

8.3.1\r\nGarbage collection points shall be set up in a reasonable,\r\nconvenient locations where all garbage is collected and stored for no more than\r\n1 day.

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8.4\r\nPower suppoy - lighting - lightning protection - soundproofing

8.4.1\r\nPower transmission lines shall be designed independently from\r\nother systems, easily replaced, repaired when necessary, and compliant with\r\nTCVN 7447, TCVN 9206, TCVN 9207, and applicable regulations [15].

8.4.2\r\nElectricity distribution panels shall be grounded and fitted\r\nwith automatic protection equipment in case of emergencies. Electricity\r\ndistribution panels shall be made of materials appropriate to selected and\r\napplied standards and of a dimensions appropriate to types of circuits.

8.4.3\r\nElectrical system shall be protected by circuit breakers. Sockets\r\nand connection boxes in bathrooms and kitchens shall be located at a position\r\nand height appropriate to the interior.

8.4.4\r\nNatural lighting shall be prioritized; heat, sunlight, and\r\nwind protection measures shall not affect natural lighting; effective and\r\nefficient energy solutions shall be applied.

8.4.5\r\nArtificial lighting shall minimize glaring, conform to TCVN\r\n7114, and use energy effectively in accordance with applicable regulations\r\n[13], [17].

8.4.6\r\nIf natural lighting in corridors, stairs, lobbies, basements,\r\nsemi-basements is not available, evacuation lighting shall be required.

8.4.7\r\nLightning protection system shall conform to the TCVN 9385.

8.4.9\r\nSoundproofing parameters and noise cancelling design shall\r\nconform to applicable regulations [19].

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8.5.1\r\nDesign of ventilation system and air-conditioning system\r\nshall conform to TCNV 5687 and applicable regulations [18].

8.5.2\r\nNatural ventilation shall be prioritized; reasonable\r\ntechnological, architectural, and structural solutions shall be adopted to meet\r\nhygiene, technical standards, effective and efficient use of energy.

8.5.3\r\nEnclosing structures shall be designed and used to retain\r\nheat, prevent cold wind druing winter, prevent sunlight during the summer and\r\ncompliant with TCVN 4605.

8.5.4\r\nLocalized ventilation shall be required in kitchens, bathrooms, toilets. Natural\r\nventilation solutions of other rooms/spaces shall not go through kitchen,\r\nsanitary areas.

8.6\r\nCommunication and telecommunication

8.6.1\r\nCommunication and telecommunication system shall be uniform\r\nindoor and outdoor and satisfy current and future demands. Lighting protection\r\nshall be required for signal towers.

8.6.2\r\nSystems shall include cable tubes in walls and junction boxes\r\non every storey.

8.6.3\r\nCommunication and telecommunication system shall ensure\r\nsafety and convenience in use, operation, and connection to service systems of\r\nsuppliers and facilitate easy replacement and repair.

8.6.4\r\nSecurity surveillance system shall be deisgned appropriate to\r\ndemands and characteristics of buildings.

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9.1 Depending\r\non investment and practical demands, elevators may be designed and installed in\r\nappropriate location to enable convenient traffic and save spaces.

9.2 Design\r\nand installation of elevators in shophouses shall confrom to TCVN 5867, TCVN\r\n6396, TCVN 7628, and other relevant technical requirements.

9.3 Design\r\nand selection of capacity, load, velocity of elevators shall depend on the\r\nnumber of storeys served, maximum number of passengers during peak hours,\r\nservice quality requirements, and other technical requirements.

9.4 Location\r\nof elevator machinery and equipment shall contain convenient, safe access and\r\nexit. Elevator shafts shall meet soundproofing requirements in accordance with\r\napplicable regulations [11] [19].

9.5 Water\r\ntanks shall not be located directly on top elevator shafts; water supply, heat\r\npipes, gas supply pipes shall not cross elevator shafts.

9.6 Elevators\r\nshall be fitted with anti-jamming devices, automatic rescue kits, and internal\r\ntelephone system. Elevators shall only operate when all doors are closed.

9.7 Elevators\r\nshall be inspected for safety:

- After\r\ninstallation and before use;

- After\r\nmajor repair;

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- Inspection\r\nperiod expires or occupational safety authority requests the inspection.

10\r\nFinishing work

10.1\r\nFinishing work shall conform to TCVN 5674 and TCVN 7958.

10.2\r\nFacade design shall combine factors such as materials, color,\r\ndecorations, fit local scenery, and incorporate building occupancy.

10.3\r\nArchitectural elements of vertical surface such as: windows,\r\ndoors, balconies, guardrails, loggias, mouldings, roof elements, etc. shall be\r\ndesigned so as to ensure safety for users without affecting operation of\r\noutdoor maintenance equipment.

Reference\r\n

[1 ] Law No.\r\n30/2009/QH12 dated June 17, 2009, Law on Urban Planning;

 [2]\r\nLaw No. 38/2009/QH12 dated June 19, 2009, Law on amendment to Laws relating\r\nto fundamental construction investment;

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[4] Law No.\r\n50/2014/QH13 dated June 18, 2014, Construction Law;

[5] Law No.\r\n55/2014/QH13 dated June 23, 2014, Law on Environmental Protection;

[6] Law No.\r\n65/2014/QH13 dated November 25, 2014, Law on Housing;

[7] Law No.\r\n09/2017/QH14 dated June 19, 2017, Law on Tourism;

[8] QCVN 01:2019/BXD,\r\nNational Technical Regulation - Construction Planning;

[9] QCVN 02:2009/BXD,\r\nNational Technical Regulation - Physical Natural and Climatic data for\r\nConstruction;

[10] QCVN\r\n03:2012.BXD, National Technical Regulation on Classifications of civil,\r\nindustrial structures and urban technical infrastructures;

[11] QCXDVN\r\n05:2008/BXD, National Construction Regulation - Houses and public structures\r\n- Life and Health Safety;

[12] QCVN\r\n06:2010/BXD, National Technical Regulations - Fire safety for buildings and\r\nstructures;

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[14] QCVN\r\n10:2014/BXD, National Technical Regulation on Construction for Accessibility\r\nfor persons with disabilities;

[15] QCVN\r\n12:2014/BXD, National Technical Regulation on Electrical system of buildings\r\nand constructions;

[16] QCVN\r\n01-1:2018/BYT, National technical regulation on Domestic Water Quality;

[17] QCVN\r\n22:2016/BYT, National Technical Regulation on Lighting - Permissible Levels\r\nof Lighting in the Workplace;

[18]QCVN 26:2016/BYT,\r\nNational Technical Regulation on Microclimate - Permissible Value of\r\nMicroclimate in the Workplace;

[19] QCVN\r\n26:2010/BTNMT, National Technical Regulation on Noises.

Table\r\nof contents

1 Scope

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3 Definitions

4 General principles

5 Architectural\r\ndesign requirements

6 Structural design\r\nrequirements

7 Fire safety\r\nrequirements

8 Internal technical\r\nsystem requirements

8.1 Water supply

8.2 Water drainage

8.3 Garbage\r\ncollection

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8.5 Ventilation and\r\nair-conditioning

8.6 Communication and\r\ntelecommunication

9 Elevator\r\nrequirements

10 Finishing work